Cepis

Health and Humor

Water Quality, Sanitation Technology for the Americas

 

February 22, 2021

Spanish version: Toma de muestras de agua

Requirements To Collect Water Samples For Chemical and Microbiological Analyses

Parameter Type of container Minimum quantity of sample Preservation Maximum permissible storage time
Turbidity
P or V
100 ml
refrigerate, 10°C 48 hours
Alkalinity
P or V
50 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 48 hours
Chlorine residual
P or V
500 ml
analyze immediately
Colour
P or V
500 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 48 hours
Conductivity
P or V
500 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 28 days
Hardness
P or V
100 ml
add HNO3up to pH < 2 6 months
Solids
P or V
1000ml
refrigerate, 4°C 2-7 days
Settleable solids . . . .
Chloride
P or V
100 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 7 days
Fluorides
P
10 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 7 days
Sulfates
P or V
100 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 25 days
Cyanides
P or V
500 ml
refrigerate, add NaOH up to pH = 12 14 days, 24 hours in sulfides presence
Oils and greases
V
1000 ml
refrigerate, add HCl up to pH < 2 .
Chlorine demand
P or V
3000 ml
refrigerate, 4°C .
Hydrocarbons
P or V
1000 ml
refrigerate, add HCl up to pH < 2 7 days
Nitrogen
P or V
250 ml
refrigerate, add H2SO4 up to pH < 2 23 days
Ammoniacal nitrogen
P or V
50 ml
refrigerate, add H2SO4 up to pH < 2 24 hours
Organic nitrogen
P or V
250 ml
refrigerate, add H2SO4 up to pH < 2 28 days
Nitrates
P or V
100 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 28 days
Nitrites
P or V
100 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 48 hours
Total phosphorus
P or V
100 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Soluble phosphorus
P or V
100 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Phosphorus hidrolizable
P or V
10 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Dissolved oxygen
V
300 ml
analyze immediately 30 min.
BOD
P or V
1000 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
COD
P or V
10 ml
refrigerate, add H2SO4 up to pH < 2 28 days
SAAM
P or V
100 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Metals
P or V
100 ml
add HNO3up to pH < 2 6 months
Arsenic
P or V
50 ml
refrigerate, add HNO3up to pH < 2 6 months
Mercury
V
100 ml
refrigerate, add H2SO4up to pH < 2 28 days
Hetherotrophic bacteria
* V/P
200 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Total coliforms (MPN)
V/P
200 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Total coliforms (FM)
V/P
200 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Fecal coliforms (MPN)
V
200 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Fecal coliforms (FM)
V
200 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Salmonella (A/P)
V
200 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Salmonella (MPN)
V
200 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Escherichia (A/P)
V
200 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Escherichia (MPN)
V
200 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Sulfate clostridium
V
200 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Fecal streptococcus
V
200 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Vibrio cholerae A/P
V
200 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Vibrio cholerae MPN
V
200 ml
refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Chlorophyll . . refrigerate, 4°C 24 hours
Enteroparatites, Raw wastewater
P
1 l
Ice refrigeration 24 hours
Treated wastewater
P
5 l
Ice refrigeration 24 hours
River water
P
5 l
Ice refrigeration 24 hours
Drinking water
P
10 l
Ice refrigeration 24 hours
Sludge
B
200 g
Ice refrigeration 3 days
Phytoplankton ** Eutrophic waters
P
1 l
Room temperature 24 hours
Olygotrophic waters
P
6 l
Room temperature 24 hours
Zooplankton Eutrophic waters
P
1 l
Room temperature 24 hours
Oligotrophic waters
P
6 l
Room temperature 24 hours

P = plastic
V = glass
B = plastic bag sealed

* Sterile
** Can be reserved with formalin, 40 ml of formalin tamponada (20 g of sodium borate plus 1 liter of formaldehide to 37%) for a liter of sample

Talking Moose
Talking Moose
I wish it was socially acceptable to throw water balloons at people who annoy me. Like, I don’t want to hurt you, I just want to ruin your day.


 

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